Togo - Economic Indicators

Economic Overview

Togo has enjoyed a period of steady economic growth fueled by political stability and a concerted effort by the government to modernize the country’s commercial infrastructure, but discontent with President Faure GNASSINGBE has led to a rapid rise in protests, creating downside risks. The country completed an ambitious large-scale infrastructure improvement program, including new principal roads, a new airport terminal, and a new sea-port. The economy depends heavily on both commercial and subsistence agriculture, which provides employment for around 60% of the labor...

Continue reading View Factbook for Togo

GDP Reference Last Previous Units Frequency
Nominal Gross Domestic Product 2022 5,196,061,858,219 4,737,380,193,200 XOF Annual
Private Consumption 2020 3,147,913,212,601 3,158,200,000,000 XOF Annual
Investment 2020 1,029,475,300,000 868,900,000,000 XOF Annual
Real Investment 2017 638,929,490,000 514,231,500,000 NCU Annual
Nominal Fixed Investment (gross fixed capital formation) 2017 743,836,495,400 599,209,300,000 NCU Annual
Real Fixed Investment (gross fixed capital formation) 2017 661,690,885,500 531,071,500,000 NCU Annual
Government Consumption 2015 398 314.98 Bil. XOF Annual
Real Gross Domestic Product 2014 123.72 116.88 Index 2000=100 Annual
Price Reference Last Previous Units Frequency
Consumer Price Index (CPI) Jan 2023 134.97 133.45 2010=100, NSA Monthly
Labor Reference Last Previous Units Frequency
Agriculture Employment 2017 1,336,525 1,339,474 # Annual
Labor Force 2016 3,437,995 3,346,080 # Annual
Wage & Salaries 2016 182,686,422,633 171,656,268,684 NCU Annual
Labor Force Employment 2011 2,654 Ths. Annual
Trade Reference Last Previous Units Frequency
Imports of Goods and Services 2020 1,356,770,425,246 1,320,000,000,000 XOF Annual
Exports of Goods and Services 2020 951,735,912,645 943,700,000,000 XOF Annual
Exports of Goods 2020 1,207,444,305 1,055,109,028 USD Annual
Balance of Goods 2020 -743,893,212 -756,881,147 USD Annual
Current Account Balance 2020 -20,737,721 -55,443,572 USD Annual
Imports of Goods 2020 1,951,337,517 1,811,991,882 USD Annual
Real Imports of Goods and Services 2017 1,533,957,320,800 1,479,855,800,000 NCU Annual
Real Exports of Goods and Services 2017 904,144,026,000 900,513,900,000 NCU Annual
Government Reference Last Previous Units Frequency
Government Revenues 2016 619,614,080,701 563,499,024,779 NCU Annual
Government Budget Balance 2011 91,311,068,676 61,529,648,487 current LCU Annual
Markets Reference Last Previous Units Frequency
Lending Rate Mar 2017 2.5 2.5 % - End of period Monthly
Money Market Rate Feb 2017 5.17 5.01 % p.a., NSA Monthly
Demographics Reference Last Previous Units Frequency
Population 2020 8,278,737 8,082,359 # Annual
Birth Rate 2016 34.03 34.53 # per Ths. pop. Annual
Death Rate 2016 8.69 8.83 # per Ths. pop. Annual
Net Migration 2012 -9,994 # Annual

Factbook

Background

Background:
French Togoland became Togo in 1960. Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA, installed as military ruler in 1967, ruled Togo with a heavy hand for almost four decades. Despite the facade of multi-party elections instituted in the early 1990s, the government was largely dominated by President EYADEMA, whose Rally of the Togolese People (RPT) party has been in power almost continually since 1967 and its successor, the Union for the Republic, maintains a majority of seats in today's legislature. Upon EYADEMA's death in February 2005, the military installed the president's son, Faure GNASSINGBE, and then engineered his formal election two months later. Democratic gains since then allowed Togo to hold its first relatively free and fair legislative elections in October 2007. Since 2007, President GNASSINGBE has started the country along a gradual path to political reconciliation and democratic reform, and Togo has held multiple presidential and legislative elections that were deemed generally free and fair by international observers. Despite those positive moves, political reconciliation has moved slowly and many Togolese complain that important political measures such as presidential term limits and electoral reforms remain undone, leaving the country’s politics in a lethargic state. Internationally, Togo is still known as a country where the same family has been in power for five decades.

Geography

Location:
Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Benin, between Benin and Ghana
Geographic coordinates:
8 00 N, 1 10 E
Map references:
Africa
Area:
total: 56,785 sq km
land: 54,385 sq km
water: 2,400 sq km
country comparison to the world: 127
Area - comparative:
slightly smaller than West Virginia
Land boundaries:
total: 1,880 km
border countries (3): Benin 651 km, Burkina Faso 131 km, Ghana 1,098 km
Coastline:
56 km
Maritime claims:
territorial sea: 30 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate:
tropical; hot, humid in south; semiarid in north
Terrain:
gently rolling savanna in north; central hills; southern plateau; low coastal plain with extensive lagoons and marshes
Elevation:
mean elevation: 236 m
elevation extremes: lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Agou 986 m
Natural resources:
phosphates, limestone, marble, arable land
Land use:
agricultural land: 67.4%
arable land 45.2%; permanent crops 3.8%; permanent pasture 18.4%
forest: 4.9%
other: 27.7% (2011 est.)
Irrigated land:
70 sq km (2012)
Population - distribution:
one of the more densely populated African nations with most of the population residing in rural communities, density is highest in the south on or near the Atlantic coast
Natural hazards:
hot, dry harmattan wind can reduce visibility in north during winter; periodic droughts
Environment - current issues:
deforestation attributable to slash-and-burn agriculture and the use of wood for fuel; water pollution presents health hazards and hinders the fishing industry; air pollution increasing in urban areas
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
the country's length allows it to stretch through six distinct geographic regions; climate varies from tropical to savanna

People & Society

Population:
7,965,055
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
Nationality:
noun: Togolese (singular and plural)
adjective: Togolese
Ethnic groups:
African (37 tribes; largest and most important are Ewe, Mina, and Kabre) 99%, European and Syrian-Lebanese less than 1%
Languages:
French (official, the language of commerce), Ewe and Mina (the two major African languages in the south), Kabye (sometimes spelled Kabiye) and Dagomba (the two major African languages in the north)
Religions:
Christian 29%, Muslim 20%, indigenous beliefs 51%
Demographic profile:
Togo’s population is estimated to have grown to four times its size between 1960 and 2010. With nearly 60% of its populace under the age of 25 and a high annual growth rate attributed largely to high fertility, Togo’s population is likely to continue to expand for the foreseeable future. Reducing fertility, boosting job creation, and improving education will be essential to reducing the country’s high poverty rate. In 2008, Togo eliminated primary school enrollment fees, leading to higher enrollment but increased pressure on limited classroom space, teachers, and materials. Togo has a good chance of achieving universal primary education, but educational quality, the underrepresentation of girls, and the low rate of enrollment in secondary and tertiary schools remain concerns.
Togo is both a country of emigration and asylum. In the early 1990s, southern Togo suffered from the economic decline of the phosphate sector and ethnic and political repression at the hands of dictator Gnassingbe EYADEMA and his northern, Kabye-dominated administration. The turmoil led 300,000 to 350,000 predominantly southern Togolese to flee to Benin and Ghana, with most not returning home until relative stability was restored in 1997. In 2005, another outflow of 40,000 Togolese to Benin and Ghana occurred when violence broke out between the opposition and security forces over the disputed election of EYADEMA’s son Faure GNASSINGBE to the presidency. About half of the refugees reluctantly returned home in 2006, many still fearing for their safety. Despite ethnic tensions and periods of political unrest, Togo in September 2017 was home to more than 9,600 refugees from Ghana.
Age structure:
0-14 years: 40.29% (male 1,610,020/female 1,599,105)
15-24 years: 19.2% (male 763,507/female 765,884)
25-54 years: 32.79% (male 1,297,489/female 1,314,130)
55-64 years: 4.31% (male 161,809/female 181,180)
65 years and over: 3.41% (male 117,409/female 154,522) (2017 est.)
population pyramid:
Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio: 81.2
youth dependency ratio: 76.2
elderly dependency ratio: 5.1
potential support ratio: 19.8 (2015 est.)
Median age:
total: 19.8 years
male: 19.5 years
female: 20.1 years (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 195
Population growth rate:
2.64% (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 14
Birth rate:
33.3 births/1,000 population (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
Death rate:
6.9 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
Net migration rate:
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
Population distribution:
one of the more densely populated African nations with most of the population residing in rural communities, density is highest in the south on or near the Atlantic coast
Urbanization:
urban population: 41% of total population (2017)
rate of urbanization: 3.6% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)
Major urban areas - population:
LOME (capital) 956,000 (2015)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.89 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2017 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth:
21 years
note: median age at first birth among women 25-29 (2013/14 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio:
368 deaths/100,000 live births (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 32
Infant mortality rate:
total: 42.2 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 48.5 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 35.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 44
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 65.4 years
male: 62.8 years
female: 68.1 years (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 177
Total fertility rate:
4.38 children born/woman (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 26
Contraceptive prevalence rate:
19.9% (2013/14)
Health expenditures:
5.2% of GDP (2014)
country comparison to the world: 136
Physicians density:
0.06 physicians/1,000 population (2008)
Hospital bed density:
0.7 beds/1,000 population (2011)
Drinking water source:
improved:
urban: 91.4% of population
rural: 44.2% of population
total: 63.1% of population
unimproved:
urban: 8.6% of population
rural: 55.8% of population
total: 36.9% of population (2015 est.)
Sanitation facility access:
improved:
urban: 24.7% of population
rural: 2.9% of population
total: 11.6% of population
unimproved:
urban: 75.3% of population
rural: 97.1% of population
total: 88.4% of population (2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
2.1% (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 25
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
100,000 (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
5,100 (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 30
Major infectious diseases:
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria, dengue fever, and yellow fever
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis
water contact disease: schistosomiasis
animal contact disease: rabies (2016)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
8.4% (2016)
country comparison to the world: 151
Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
16.2% (2014)
country comparison to the world: 41
Education expenditures:
5.1% of GDP (2016)
country comparison to the world: 91
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 63.7%
male: 77.3%
female: 51.2% (2015 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 12 years
male: NA
female: NA (2011)

Government

Country name:
conventional long form: Togolese Republic
conventional short form: Togo
local long form: Republique Togolaise
local short form: none
former: French Togoland
etymology: derived from the Ewe words "to" (river) and "godo" (on the other side) to give the sense of "on the other side of the river"; originally, this designation applied to the town of Togodo (now Togoville) on the northern shore of Lake Togo, but the name was eventually extended to the entire nation
Government type:
presidential republic
Capital:
name: Lome
geographic coordinates: 6 07 N, 1 13 E
time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
5 regions (regions, singular - region); Centrale, Kara, Maritime, Plateaux, Savanes
Independence:
27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)
National holiday:
Independence Day, 27 April (1960)
Constitution:
history: several previous; latest adopted 27 September 1992, effective 14 October 1992
amendments: proposed by the president of the republic or supported by at least one-fifth of the National Assembly membership; passage requires four-fifths majority vote by the Assembly; a referendum is required if approved by only two-thirds majority of the Assembly or if requested by the president; constitutional articles on the republican and secular form of government cannot be amended; amended 2002, 2007; note - a September 2017 Assembly vote on a package of amendments failed the four-fifths majority vote required for passage but met the two-thirds majority vote required for holding a referendeum (2017)
Legal system:
customary law system
International law organization participation:
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; non-party state to the ICCt
Citizenship:
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Togo
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: President Faure GNASSINGBE (since 4 May 2005)
head of government: Prime Minister Komi KLASSOU (since 5 June 2015)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister
elections/appointments: president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 25 April 2015 (next to be held in 2020); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Faure GNASSINGBE reelected president; percent of vote - Faure GNASSINGBE (UNIR) 58.8%, Jean-Pierre FABRE (ANC) 35.2%, Tchaboure GOGUE (ADDI) 4%, other 2%
Legislative branch:
description: unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (91 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms)
elections: last held on 25 July 2013 (next to be held in 2018)
election results: percent of vote by coalition/party - UNIR 46.7%, CST 28.9%, Rainbow Alliance 10.8%, UFC 7.7%, independent 0.8%, other 5.1%; seats by coalition/party - UNIR 62, CST 19, Rainbow Alliance 6, UFC 3, independent 1
Judicial branch:
highest court(s): Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (organized into criminal and administrative chambers, each with a chamber president and advisors); Constitutional Court (consists of 9 judges including the court president)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president appointed by decree of the president of the republic upon the proposal of the Supreme Council of the Magistracy, a 9-member judicial, advisory, and disciplinary body; other judge appointments and judge tenure NA; Constitutional Court judges appointed by the National Assembly; judge tenure NA
subordinate courts: Court of Assizes (sessions court); Appeal Court; tribunals of first instance (divided into civil, commercial, and correctional chambers; Court of State Security; military tribunal
Political parties and leaders:
Action Committee for Renewal or CAR [Yaovi AGBOYIBO]
Alliance of Democrats for Integral Development or ADDI [Tchaboure GOGUE]
Combat for Political Change in 2015 or CAP 2015 [Jean-Pierre FABRE]
Democratic Convention of African Peoples or CDPA [Brigitte ADJAMAGBO-JOHNSON]
Democratic Forces for the Republic or FDR [Dodji APEVON]
National Alliance for Change or ANC [Jean-Pierre FABRE]
New Togolese Commitment [Gerry TAAMA]
Pan-African National Party or PNP [Tikpi ATCHADAM]
Pan-African Patriotic Convergence or CPP [Edem KODJO]
Rainbow Alliance (a coalition including CAR and CDPA) [Brigitte ADJAMAGBO-JOHNSON]
Socialist Pact for Renewal or PSR [Abi TCHESSA]
The Togolese Party [Nathaniel OLYMPIO]
Union of Forces for Change or UFC [Gilchrist OLYMPIO]
Union for the Republic or UNIR [Faure GNASSINGBE]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
NA
International organization participation:
ACP, AfDB, AU, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Frederic Edem HEGBE (since 24 April 2017)
chancery: 2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 234-4212
FAX: [1] (202) 232-3190
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador David R. GILMOUR (20 December 2015)
embassy: 4332 Blvd. Gnassingbe Eyadema, Cite OUA, Lome
mailing address: B.P. 852, Lome; 2300 Lome Place, Washington, DC 20521-2300
telephone: [228] 2261-5470
FAX: [228] 2261-5501
Flag description:
five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; a white five-pointed star on a red square is in the upper hoist-side corner; the five horizontal stripes stand for the five different regions of the country; the red square is meant to express the loyalty and patriotism of the people; green symbolizes hope, fertility, and agriculture; yellow represents mineral wealth and faith that hard work and strength will bring prosperity; the star symbolizes life, purity, peace, dignity, and Togo's independence
note: uses the popular Pan-African colors of Ethiopia
National symbol(s):
lion; national colors: green, yellow, red, white
National anthem:
name: "Salut a toi, pays de nos aieux" (Hail to Thee, Land of Our Forefathers)
lyrics/music: Alex CASIMIR-DOSSEH
note: adopted 1960, restored 1992; this anthem was replaced by another during one-party rule between 1979 and 1992

Economy

Economy - overview:
Togo has enjoyed a period of steady economic growth fueled by political stability and a concerted effort by the government to modernize the country’s commercial infrastructure, but discontent with President Faure GNASSINGBE has led to a rapid rise in protests, creating downside risks. The country completed an ambitious large-scale infrastructure improvement program, including new principal roads, a new airport terminal, and a new sea-port. The economy depends heavily on both commercial and subsistence agriculture, which provides employment for around 60% of the labor force. Some basic foodstuffs must still be imported. Cocoa, coffee, and cotton and other agricultural products generate about 20% of export earnings with cotton being the most important cash crop. Togo is among the world's largest producers of phosphate and seeks to develop its carbonate phosphate reserves, which provide more than 20% of export earnings.
The government's decade-long effort, supported by the World Bank and the IMF, to implement economic reform measures, encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures has moved slowly. Togo completed its IMF Extended Credit Facility in 2011 and reached a Heavily Indebted Poor Country debt relief completion point in 2010 at which 95% of the country's debt was forgiven. Togo continues to work with the IMF on structural reforms, and in January 2017, the IMF signed an Extended Credit Facility arrangement consisting of a three-year $238 million loan package. Progress depends on follow through on privatization, increased openness in government financial operations, progress toward legislative elections, and continued support from foreign donors.
Togo’s 2017 economic growth probably remained steady at 5.0%, largely driven by infusions of foreign aid, infrastructure investment in the port and mineral sectors, and improvements in the business climate. Foreign direct investment inflows have slowed in recent years.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$12.43 billion (2017 est.)
$11.84 billion (2016 est.)
$11.28 billion (2015 est.)
note: data are in 2017 dollars
country comparison to the world: 156
GDP (official exchange rate):
$4.797 billion (2017 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
5% (2017 est.)
5% (2016 est.)
5.3% (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 40
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$1,600 (2017 est.)
$1,600 (2016 est.)
$1,500 (2015 est.)
note: data are in 2017 dollars
country comparison to the world: 216
Gross national saving:
17.7% of GDP (2017 est.)
17.6% of GDP (2016 est.)
15.9% of GDP (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 104
GDP - composition, by end use:
household consumption: 79.2%
government consumption: 18.2%
investment in fixed capital: 24.2%
investment in inventories: -1.7%
exports of goods and services: 39.1%
imports of goods and services: -59% (2017 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
agriculture: 28.1%
industry: 21.6%
services: 50.3% (2017 est.)
Agriculture - products:
coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (manioc, tapioca), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock; fish
Industries:
phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement, handicrafts, textiles, beverages
Industrial production growth rate:
7.5% (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 22
Labor force:
2.595 million (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 115
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 65%
industry: 5%
services: 30% (1998 est.)
Unemployment rate:
6.9% (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 97
Population below poverty line:
55.1% (2015 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 3.3%
highest 10%: 27.1% (2006 est.)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
46 (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 35
Budget:
revenues: $1.469 billion
expenditures: $1.7 billion (2017 est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
30.6% of GDP (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 80
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-4.8% of GDP (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
Public debt:
68.6% of GDP (2017 est.)
71.6% of GDP (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 53
Fiscal year:
calendar year
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
0.8% (2017 est.)
0.9% (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
Central bank discount rate:
2.5% (31 December 2010 est.)
4.25% (31 December 2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
8.29% (31 December 2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 105
Stock of narrow money:
$1.202 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$1.118 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152
Stock of broad money:
$2.519 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$2.239 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 146
Stock of domestic credit:
$1.814 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$1.62 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 155
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$NA
Current account balance:
$-396 million (2017 est.)
$-431 million (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
Exports:
$1.002 billion (2017 est.)
$967.4 million (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 157
Exports - commodities:
reexports, cotton, phosphates, coffee, cocoa
Exports - partners:
Benin 17.5%, Burkina Faso 15.9%, India 7.6%, Mali 7.2%, Niger 7%, Cote dIvoire 6.1%, Ghana 4.8%, Nigeria 4.3% (2016)
Imports:
$2.009 billion (2017 est.)
$1.981 billion (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 158
Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products
Imports - partners:
China 28.7%, France 8.9%, Netherlands 4.3%, Japan 4.2% (2016)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$215.1 million (31 December 2017 est.)
$42.6 million (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 159
Debt - external:
$1.387 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$1.22 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 161
Exchange rates:
Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
617.4 (2017 est.)
593.01 (2016 est.)
593.01 (2015 est.)
591.45 (2014 est.)
494.42 (2013 est.)

Energy

Electricity access:
population without electricity: 5,000,000
electrification - total population: 27%
electrification - urban areas: 35%
electrification - rural areas: 21% (2013)
Electricity - production:
78.8 million kWh (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 201
Electricity - consumption:
1.213 billion kWh (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152
Electricity - exports:
0 kWh (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 204
Electricity - imports:
1.242 billion kWh (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 63
Electricity - installed generating capacity:
229,000 kW (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 162
Electricity - from fossil fuels:
69.9% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 105
Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
0% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 192
Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
29.3% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 73
Electricity - from other renewable sources:
0.9% of total installed capacity (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 144
Crude oil - production:
0 bbl/day (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 201
Crude oil - exports:
0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 198
Crude oil - imports:
0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 197
Crude oil - proved reserves:
0 bbl (1 January 2017 est.)
country comparison to the world: 201
Refined petroleum products - production:
0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 202
Refined petroleum products - consumption:
14,000 bbl/day (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 153
Refined petroleum products - exports:
0 bbl/day (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 203
Refined petroleum products - imports:
12,700 bbl/day (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 136
Natural gas - production:
0 cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 202
Natural gas - consumption:
0 cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 137
Natural gas - exports:
0 cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 194
Natural gas - imports:
0 cu m (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 195
Natural gas - proved reserves:
0 cu m (1 January 2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 200
Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
1.8 million Mt (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152

Communications

Telephones - fixed lines:
total subscriptions: 33,817
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: less than 1 (July 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 168
Telephones - mobile cellular:
total: 5,505,424
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 69 (July 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 116
Telephone system:
general assessment: fair system based on a network of microwave radio relay routes supplemented by open-wire lines and a mobile-cellular system
domestic: microwave radio relay and open-wire lines for conventional system; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity roughly 70 telephones per 100 persons with mobile-cellular use predominating
international: country code - 228; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), 1 Symphonie (2016)
Broadcast media:
1 state-owned TV station with multiple transmission sites; 5 private TV stations broadcast locally; cable TV service is available; state-owned radio network with 2 stations (in Lome and Kara); several dozen private radio stations and a few community radio stations; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters available (2018)
Internet country code:
.tg
Internet users:
total: 877,310
percent of population: 11.3% (July 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 136

Transportation

National air transport system:
number of registered air carriers: 1
inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers: 8
annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers: 769,904
annual freight traffic on registered air carriers: 0 mt-km (2015)
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix:
5V (2016)
Airports:
8 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 163
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 (2013)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 6
914 to 1,523 m: 4
under 914 m: 2 (2013)
Railways:
total: 568 km
narrow gauge: 568 km 1.000-m gauge (2014)
country comparison to the world: 112
Roadways:
total: 11,652 km
paved: 2,447 km
unpaved: 9,205 km (2007)
country comparison to the world: 130
Waterways:
50 km (seasonally navigable by small craft on the Mono River depending on rainfall) (2011)
country comparison to the world: 102
Merchant marine:
total: 308
by type: bulk carrier 11, container ship 3, general cargo 199, oil tanker 44, other 51 (2017)
country comparison to the world: 51
Ports and terminals:
major seaport(s): Kpeme, Lome

Military & Security

Military expenditures:
1.86% of GDP (2016)
1.71% of GDP (2015)
1.85% of GDP (2014)
1.77% of GDP (2013)
1.63% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 53
Military branches:
Togolese Armed Forces (Forces Armees Togolaise, FAT): Togolese Army (l'Armee de Terre), Togolese Navy (Forces Naval Togolaises), Togolese Air Force (Armee de l’Air), National Gendarmerie (2018)
Military service age and obligation:
18 years of age for military service; 2-year service obligation; currently the military is only an all-volunteer force (2017)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international:
in 2001, Benin claimed Togo moved boundary monuments - joint commission continues to resurvey the boundary; talks continue between Benin and Togo on funding the Adjrala hydroelectric dam on the Mona River
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin): 9,695 (Ghana) (2018)
Illicit drugs:
transit hub for Nigerian heroin and cocaine traffickers; money laundering not a significant problem

Economic Indicators for Togo including actual values, historical data, and latest data updates for the Togo economy.